Refractory Gunning Machine Market Synopsis

Global Refractory Gunning Machine Market Size Was Valued at USD 19.86 Billion in 2023, and is Projected to Reach USD 37.92 Billion by 2032, Growing at a CAGR of 7.45 % From 2024-2032.

Refractory gunning machine serves as a crucial industrial apparatus employed in the construction and upkeep of high-temperature structures, including furnaces and kilns. Its primary function is to effectively apply refractory materials onto various surfaces, creating protective linings.

• Specialized machinery is utilized for the accurate deposition of refractory materials onto surfaces, playing a crucial role in the construction and upkeep of high-temperature linings in furnaces, kilns, and boilers. These machines find application in both new construction endeavors and the restoration of existing refractory linings, establishing their indispensability in industries characterized by extreme temperatures and abrasive conditions. The advantages of refractory gunning machines are diverse. They boost operational efficiency through the consistent and regulated application of refractory materials, thereby reducing waste and optimizing material utilization. Additionally, these machines enhance worker safety by minimizing direct exposure to dangerous environments encountered during manual application. With industries globally prioritizing sustainability and efficiency, the market for advanced refractory gunning machines is expected to witness a significant increase in demand.
• Anticipated market expansion is on the horizon as manufacturers persist in their innovation efforts, integrating automation and intelligent technologies to elevate precision, diminish downtime, and cater to the changing requirements of industries emphasizing sustainability and energy efficiency. With the escalation of industrial activities on a global scale, the refractory gunning machine market is projected to experience continuous growth, propelled by the persistent need for dependable, high-performance solutions spanning various applications.

Refractory Gunning Machine Market Trend Analysis:

Increasing Demand in Steel Industry

• The significant surge in demand within the steel industry emerges as a key driver fueling the strong expansion of the Refractory Gunning Machine Market. With the steel sector witnessing an upward trend attributed to the rise in global infrastructure and construction projects, there is an essential need for refractory materials. Consequently, the demand for advanced gunning machines has become indispensable. Refractory gunning machines play an active role in facilitating the steel production process by ensuring the precise and efficient application of refractory materials. This, in turn, safeguards furnaces and other crucial high-temperature components essential for steel manufacturing.
• The steel industry's high demand for refractory gunning machines is driven by their crucial role in improving operational efficiency. These machines not only streamline the application process but also contribute to resource optimization by ensuring consistent material distribution, thereby reducing waste. The widespread adoption of these machines in the steel sector not only addresses the current surge in demand but also represents a strategic investment in future-proofing manufacturing processes to meet growing production needs. As the steel industry continues its expansion and evolution, the Refractory Gunning Machine Market is positioned to grow concurrently, with manufacturers consistently innovating to meet the evolving requirements of this dynamic and flourishing sector.
• The current transition towards sustainable and energy-efficient manufacturing practices underscores the essential role of refractory gunning machines in the steel industry. These machines actively promote environmentally conscious operations by improving precision, minimizing material wastage, and enhancing overall safety standards. Considering these elements, the future outlook for the Refractory Gunning Machine Market appears strong, as it remains closely connected to the ongoing expansion and transformation of the steel industry on a global level.

Rising Adoption of Automation in Industrial Processes

• The Refractory Gunning Machine Market is positioned for notable expansion, propelled by considerable opportunities emerging from the rising integration of automation in industrial operations. As various industries adopt automation to boost efficiency and accuracy, refractory gunning machines directly capitalize on this trend. The automation of refractory material application not only guarantees a uniform and regulated process but also enhances safety standards by reducing human exposure to high-temperature and hazardous environments.
• The increasing embrace of automation brings forth significant benefits, particularly in optimizing resources within industrial operations. Automated refractory gunning machines provide a more efficient and streamlined approach to applying refractory materials, leading to reduced material wastage and improved overall resource utilization. This not only aligns with sustainability objectives but also offers a cost-effective solution for industries aiming to enhance operational efficiency. The incorporation of automation into refractory material application creates opportunities for market players to innovate and develop advanced machines that cater to the evolving demands of automated industrial processes.
• Furthermore, the future growth potential of the Refractory Gunning Machine Market is intricately linked to the ongoing Industry 4.0 revolution, where smart technologies and connectivity play a central role. Automation facilitates real-time monitoring, data analysis, and remote operation of refractory gunning machines, offering industries enhanced control and visibility over their processes. With the increasing demand for smart and automated solutions, the refractory gunning machine market positions itself at the forefront, delivering state-of-the-art technologies to address the evolving requirements of contemporary industrial practices.

Refractory Gunning Machine Market Segment Analysis:

Refractory Gunning Machine Market Segmented on the basis of Type, Technology, and Application

By Type, Dry Powder Mixing segment is expected to dominate the market during the forecast period

• Anticipation of the Dry Powder Mixing segment's dominance is rooted in its crucial role within the Refractory Gunning Machine Market, providing heightened efficiency and flexibility. The dry powder mixing process involves blending dry refractory materials with water at the nozzle, allowing precise control over the mixture composition on-site. This method ensures consistent distribution and adherence of refractory materials on surfaces, which is essential for constructing and maintaining high-temperature linings in various industrial applications. The active preference for dry powder mixing is propelled by its versatility, enabling the utilization of a diverse range of refractory materials, such as alumina, silica, and chrome-based formulations, to meet specific industrial requirements.
• Moreover, the dominance of the Dry Powder Mixing segment is underscored by its cost-effectiveness and user-friendly operation, factors contributing to its anticipated prominence in the market. The on-site mixing capability minimizes material wastage and enhances resource utilization, aligning with the industry's emphasis on efficient and sustainable practices. As industries persist in the search for reliable and adaptable solutions, the Dry Powder Mixing segment is positioned to play a pivotal role in shaping the trajectory of the Refractory Gunning Machine Market.

By Application, Steel Industry segment held the largest share of 50.12% in 2022

• The Refractory Gunning Machine Market is predominantly led by the Steel Industry segment, holding the largest share, given its pivotal role as the primary consumer of these machines. Specialized machines within this segment play a critical function in the steel manufacturing process, efficiently applying refractory materials to high-temperature surfaces like furnaces and ladles. With the global demand for steel on the rise, propelled by infrastructure development and construction projects, the necessity for refractory gunning machines becomes paramount. Their active involvement in both furnace lining repair and new construction projects within the steel industry positions them as indispensable tools, ensuring the durability and longevity of refractory linings in vital components.
• Furthermore, the stringent requirements of the steel sector for precision, efficiency, and safety emphasize the dominance of the Steel Industry segment in the Refractory Gunning Machine Market. These machines actively enhance operational efficiency by streamlining the application process, minimizing waste, and optimizing material usage. With the ongoing expansion and modernization of the steel industry, the demand for advanced refractory gunning machines is expected to endure, maintaining the segment's leading position in the overall market

Refractory Gunning Machine Market Regional Insights:

Asia Pacific is Expected to Dominate the Market Over the Forecast Period

• The Refractory Gunning Machine Market is expected to be dominated by the Asia Pacific region, playing a pivotal role in its growth trajectory. The region's ascendancy is linked to robust industrialization, particularly in countries such as China and India, where rapid infrastructure development and expanding manufacturing sectors contribute significantly to the demand for refractory gunning machines. The flourishing steel and cement industries in the region actively propel the necessity for these machines, given their crucial role in furnace lining maintenance and construction, ensuring the efficient operation of manufacturing facilities.
• Additionally, the Asia Pacific region is experiencing increased investments across various sectors, including mining and power generation, further driving the demand for refractory gunning machines. The proactive embrace of advanced technologies in industrial processes, combined with a focus on energy-efficient and sustainable practices, positions Asia Pacific as a pivotal market for these machines. With industries in the region continuing to evolve and expand, the anticipated growth in demand for refractory gunning machines solidifies Asia Pacific's dominance in the global market.

Refractory Gunning Machine Market Top Key Players:

• EZG Manufacturing (US)
• Pledge International (US)
• Blastcrete Equipment Company (US)
• Shotcrete Technologies (US)
• Alcon Industries (US)
• Ecoteq Equipment (Canada)
• Alimak Hek Group (Sweden)
• Interpump Group (Italy)
• Putzmeister Holding GmbH (Germany)
• Cementos Refractarios Tudela (Spain)
• Blastcrete Europe (UK)
• Gaode Equipment (China)
• Sany Heavy Industry (China)
• Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (China)
• Kawasaki Heavy Industries (Japan)
• Hitachi Construction Machinery (Japan)
• Reftec International (Australia)
• Antec Engineering (Australia)
• MBE Refractory Solutions (South Africa)
• Bricomax Industrial (Brazil), and Other Major Players.

Key Industry Developments in the Refractory Gunning Machine Market:

• In January 2022, ITOCHU Corporation completed an investment in Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. with Japan Industrial Partners, Inc. The capital alliance will enable ITOCHU to collaborate in various regions, including the US, and various business areas, while promoting synergies with existing businesses and business development through the expansion of value chains.
• In May 2024, HWI, a member of Calderys, will reinforce its commitment to assist customers with their energy transition needs through active participation in the event’s technology conference. HWI involvement includes experts from teams in Brazil and the United States. Their technical program activities underscore a commitment to pioneering the future of steelmaking operations through refractory industry solutions that enhance safety, create efficiencies, and reduce energy consumption.

1. INTRODUCTION
   1. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
   2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
   3. RESEARCH PROCESS
   4. SCOPE AND COVERAGE
      1. Market Definition
      2. Key Questions Answered
   5. MARKET SEGMENTATION
2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
3. MARKET OVERVIEW
4. GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES BY SEGMENT
5. MARKET LANDSCAPE
   1. PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS
      1. Bargaining Power Of Supplier
      2. Threat Of New Entrants
      3. Threat Of Substitutes
      4. Competitive Rivalry
      5. Bargaining Power Among Buyers
   2. INDUSTRY VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS
   3. MARKET DYNAMICS
      1. Drivers
      2. Restraints
      3. Opportunities
      4. Challenges
   4. MARKET TREND ANALYSIS
   5. REGULATORY LANDSCAPE
   6. PESTLE ANALYSIS
   7. PRICE TREND ANALYSIS
   8. PATENT ANALYSIS
   9. TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION
   10. MARKET IMPACT OF THE RUSSIA-UKRAINE WAR
       1. Geopolitical Market Disruptions
       2. Supply Chain Disruptions
       3. Instability in Emerging Markets
   11. ECOSYSTEM
6. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET BY TYPE (2017-2032)
   1. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET SNAPSHOT AND GROWTH ENGINE
   2. MARKET OVERVIEW
   3. DRY POWDER MIXING
      1. Introduction And Market Overview
      2. Historic And Forecasted Market Size in Value (2017 – 2032F)
      3. Historic And Forecasted Market Size in Volume (2017 – 2032F)
      4. Key Market Trends, Growth Factors And Opportunities
      5. Geographic Segmentation Analysis
   4. WET MIXING
7. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET BY TECHNOLOGY (2017-2032)
   1. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET SNAPSHOT AND GROWTH ENGINE
   2. MARKET OVERVIEW
   3. HYDRAULIC
      1. Introduction And Market Overview
      2. Historic And Forecasted Market Size in Value (2017 – 2032F)
      3. Historic And Forecasted Market Size in Volume (2017 – 2032F)
      4. Key Market Trends, Growth Factors And Opportunities
      5. Geographic Segmentation Analysis
   4. PNEUMATIC
8. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET BY APPLICATION (2017-2032)
   1. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET SNAPSHOT AND GROWTH ENGINE
   2. MARKET OVERVIEW
   3. STEEL INDUSTRY
      1. Introduction And Market Overview
      2. Historic And Forecasted Market Size in Value (2017 – 2032F)
      3. Historic And Forecasted Market Size in Volume (2017 – 2032F)
      4. Key Market Trends, Growth Factors And Opportunities
      5. Geographic Segmentation Analysis
   4. MINING INDUSTRY
   5. CEMENT INDUSTRY
9. COMPANY PROFILES AND COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS
   1. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
      1. Competitive Positioning
      2. Refractory Gunning Machine Market Share By Manufacturer (2022)
      3. Industry BCG Matrix
      4. Heat Map Analysis
      5. Mergers & Acquisitions
   2. EZG MANUFACTURING (US)
      1. Company Overview
      2. Key Executives
      3. Company Snapshot
      4. Role of the Company in the Market
      5. Sustainability and Social Responsibility
      6. Operating Business Segments
      7. Product Portfolio
      8. Business Performance (Production Volume, Sales Volume, Sales Margin, Production Capacity, Capacity Utilization Rate)
      9. Key Strategic Moves And Recent Developments
      10. SWOT Analysis
   3. PLEDGE INTERNATIONAL (US)
   4. BLASTCRETE EQUIPMENT COMPANY (US)
   5. SHOTCRETE TECHNOLOGIES (US)
   6. ALCON INDUSTRIES (US)
   7. ECOTEQ EQUIPMENT (CANADA)
   8. ALIMAK HEK GROUP (SWEDEN)
   9. INTERPUMP GROUP (ITALY)
   10. PUTZMEISTER HOLDING GMBH (GERMANY)
   11. CEMENTOS REFRACTARIOS TUDELA (SPAIN)
   12. BLASTCRETE EUROPE (UK)
   13. GAODE EQUIPMENT (CHINA)
   14. SANY HEAVY INDUSTRY (CHINA)
   15. ZOOMLION HEAVY INDUSTRY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. (CHINA)
   16. KAWASAKI HEAVY INDUSTRIES (JAPAN)
   17. HITACHI CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY (JAPAN)
   18. REFTEC INTERNATIONAL (AUSTRALIA)
   19. ANTEC ENGINEERING (AUSTRALIA)
   20. MBE REFRACTORY SOLUTIONS (SOUTH AFRICA)
   21. BRICOMAX INDUSTRIAL (BRAZIL)
10. GLOBAL REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET BY REGION
    1. OVERVIEW
    2. NORTH AMERICA
       1. Key Market Trends, Growth Factors And Opportunities
       2. Key Manufacturers
       3. Historic And Forecasted Market Size By Type
       4. Historic And Forecasted Market Size By Technology
       5. Historic And Forecasted Market Size By Application
       6. Historic And Forecasted Market Size By Country
          1. USA
          2. Canada
          3. Mexico
    3. EASTERN EUROPE
       1. Key Market Trends, Growth Factors And Opportunities
       2. Key Manufacturers
       3. Historic And Forecasted Market Size By Segments
       4. Historic And Forecasted Market Size By Country
          1. Russia
          2. Bulgaria
          3. The Czech Republic
          4. Hungary
          5. Poland
          6. Romania
          7. Rest Of Eastern Europe
    4. WESTERN EUROPE
       1. Key Market Trends, Growth Factors And Opportunities
       2. Key Manufacturers
       3. Historic And Forecasted Market Size By Segments
       4. Historic And Forecasted Market Size By Country
          1. Germany
          2. United Kingdom
          3. France
          4. The Netherlands
          5. Italy
          6. Spain
          7. Rest Of Western Europe
    5. ASIA PACIFIC
       1. Key Market Trends, Growth Factors And Opportunities
       2. Key Manufacturers
       3. Historic And Forecasted Market Size By Segments
       4. Historic And Forecasted Market Size By Country
          1. China
          2. India
          3. Japan
          4. South Korea
          5. Malaysia
          6. Thailand
          7. Vietnam
          8. The Philippines
          9. Australia
          10. New-Zealand
          11. Rest Of APAC
    6. MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA
       1. Key Market Trends, Growth Factors And Opportunities
       2. Key Manufacturers
       3. Historic And Forecasted Market Size By Segments
       4. Historic And Forecasted Market Size By Country
          1. Turkey
          2. Bahrain
          3. Kuwait
          4. Saudi Arabia
          5. Qatar
          6. UAE
          7. Israel
          8. South Africa
    7. SOUTH AMERICA
       1. Key Market Trends, Growth Factors And Opportunities
       2. Key Manufacturers
       3. Historic And Forecasted Market Size By Segments
       4. Historic And Forecasted Market Size By Country
          1. Brazil
          2. Argentina
          3. Rest of South America
11. INVESTMENT ANALYSIS
12. ANALYST VIEWPOINT AND CONCLUSION
    1. Recommendations and Concluding Analysis
    2. Potential Market Strategies

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 001. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
TABLE 002. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS
TABLE 003. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET BARGAINING POWER OF CUSTOMERS
TABLE 004. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET COMPETITIVE RIVALRY
TABLE 005. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS
TABLE 006. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES
TABLE 007. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET BY TYPE
TABLE 008. DRY POWDER MIXING MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
TABLE 009. WET MIXING MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
TABLE 010. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET BY APPLICATION
TABLE 011. OEM MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
TABLE 012. AFTERMARKET MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
TABLE 013. NORTH AMERICA REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET, BY TYPE (2016-2028)
TABLE 014. NORTH AMERICA REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET, BY APPLICATION (2016-2028)
TABLE 015. N REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET, BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
TABLE 016. EUROPE REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET, BY TYPE (2016-2028)
TABLE 017. EUROPE REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET, BY APPLICATION (2016-2028)
TABLE 018. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET, BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
TABLE 019. ASIA PACIFIC REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET, BY TYPE (2016-2028)
TABLE 020. ASIA PACIFIC REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET, BY APPLICATION (2016-2028)
TABLE 021. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET, BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
TABLE 022. MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET, BY TYPE (2016-2028)
TABLE 023. MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET, BY APPLICATION (2016-2028)
TABLE 024. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET, BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
TABLE 025. SOUTH AMERICA REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET, BY TYPE (2016-2028)
TABLE 026. SOUTH AMERICA REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET, BY APPLICATION (2016-2028)
TABLE 027. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET, BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
TABLE 028. PLEDGE INTERNATIONAL: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 029. PLEDGE INTERNATIONAL: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 030. PLEDGE INTERNATIONAL: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 031. PLEDGE INTERNATIONAL: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 031. GAODE EQUIPMENT: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 032. GAODE EQUIPMENT: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 033. GAODE EQUIPMENT: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 034. GAODE EQUIPMENT: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 034. EZG MANUFACTURING: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 035. EZG MANUFACTURING: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 036. EZG MANUFACTURING: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 037. EZG MANUFACTURING: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 037. ANTEC ENGINEERING: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 038. ANTEC ENGINEERING: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 039. ANTEC ENGINEERING: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 040. ANTEC ENGINEERING: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 040. BLASTCRETE EQUIPMENT COMPANY: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 041. BLASTCRETE EQUIPMENT COMPANY: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 042. BLASTCRETE EQUIPMENT COMPANY: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 043. BLASTCRETE EQUIPMENT COMPANY: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 043. MARKHAM (SHEFFIELD: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 044. MARKHAM (SHEFFIELD: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 045. MARKHAM (SHEFFIELD: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 046. MARKHAM (SHEFFIELD: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 046. CSAP TOOLS: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 047. CSAP TOOLS: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 048. CSAP TOOLS: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 049. CSAP TOOLS: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 049. MIX WELL HARDIC ENGINEERING: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 050. MIX WELL HARDIC ENGINEERING: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 051. MIX WELL HARDIC ENGINEERING: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 052. MIX WELL HARDIC ENGINEERING: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 001. YEARS CONSIDERED FOR ANALYSIS
FIGURE 002. SCOPE OF THE STUDY
FIGURE 003. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET OVERVIEW BY REGIONS
FIGURE 004. PORTER'S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS
FIGURE 005. BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS
FIGURE 006. COMPETITIVE RIVALRYFIGURE 007. THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS
FIGURE 008. THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES
FIGURE 009. VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS
FIGURE 010. PESTLE ANALYSIS
FIGURE 011. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET OVERVIEW BY TYPE
FIGURE 012. DRY POWDER MIXING MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
FIGURE 013. WET MIXING MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
FIGURE 014. REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET OVERVIEW BY APPLICATION
FIGURE 015. OEM MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
FIGURE 016. AFTERMARKET MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
FIGURE 017. NORTH AMERICA REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET OVERVIEW BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
FIGURE 018. EUROPE REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET OVERVIEW BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
FIGURE 019. ASIA PACIFIC REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET OVERVIEW BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
FIGURE 020. MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET OVERVIEW BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
FIGURE 021. SOUTH AMERICA REFRACTORY GUNNING MACHINE MARKET OVERVIEW BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)