MEMS Mirror Market Overview

MEMS Mirror Market Size Was Valued at USD 26.06 Million in 2023 and is Projected to Reach USD 43.62 Million by 2032, Growing at a CAGR of 5.89% From 2024-2032.

MEMS mirrors are miniature electromagnetic mirrors that incorporate MEMS technology. Within the magnetic field generated by the magnet, electrical current, flowing in the coil surrounding the mirror creates a Lorentz force based on Fleming's left-hand rule and this force drives the mirror. Moreover, MEMS mirrors feature an extensive optical deflection angle and high mirror reflectivity as well as low power utilization. In addition, there are two types of MEMS mirrors as 1D and 2D. These 1D and 2D MEMS mirrors are based on electrostatic (ES), electromagnetic (EM), electrothermal (ET), and piezoelectric (PE) actuation. Additionally, these MEMS mirrors are classified into three working modes such as resonance, non-resonance, or a combination of resonance and non-resonance scanning. Furthermore, MEMS mirrors offer a considerable way to spatially scan light and are being utilized for a wide range of applications such as raster scanning RGB light for Display Engines or scanning infra-red light for depth cameras (3D sensing) by applying structured light or Time of Flight (TOF) techniques. In addition, the role of the MEMS is significant and it is responsible for customizing the paths of the different wavelengths in either device. It would be beneficial to enhance the execution of such MEMS and thereby the performance of the optical components and optical systems they form part of. The inventors have established developments in the design and execution of such MEMS mirrors as well as optical waveguide technologies to in-plane optical processing as well as the mid-infrared for optical spectroscopy which helps the growth of the market during the forecast period.

Market Dynamics and Factors for the Global MEMS Mirrors Market:

Drivers:

MEMS Mirrors for Light Scanning and Projection Applications
MEMs mirrors are being utilized in developing technologies for visible projection and nonvisible IR scanning in a variety of applications. MEMS mirrors for scanning applications offer a small footprint, low power, and cheaper price solution. Popular applications exploiting MEMS scanning technology are AR/VR/XR head-mounted displays (HMD), all-day wearable smart glasses, and pico-projectors for visible projection and structured light or ToF 3D depth-sensing applications such as 3D cameras and LiDAR for consumer, industrial and automotive. A beneficial example of a combination of the visible and nonvisible scanning using LBS (laser beam scanner) in a single product is the Accuvein AV500 vein visualization product which utilizes ST's MEMs for nonvisible IR scanning to determine the vein location and then projects a visible red or green laser to outline the veins map directly on the skin to help medical personnel to access or avoid veins. Furthermore, other commercially accessible products that apply ST's MEMs are intel's 1'st and 2'nd generation real-sense 3D depth camera and LiDAR a well as North's (recently received by google) all-day wearable smart glasses. Every day inventive companies find the latest innovative ways to apply MEMS mirror scanning technology for producing the latest products and applications. ST's newly formed LaSAR alliance is an ecosystem of technology manufacturers, providers, and producers collaborating to stimulate the development of AR smart-glass solutions and shorten the time to market.

MEMS Mirrors to Assist LiDAR
Recognizing that MEMS mirrors can be utilized for laser deflection, a team of researchers from the University of Florida has produced a prototype LiDAR system that not only has an extensive field of view, but consumes very low amounts of power, and can be easily organized in small applications. The LiDAR system takes advantage of MEMS mirrors to play as the scanning element of the LiDAR system, and the result is that a 9V battery can power the LiDAR device. The LiDAR prototype also consolidates a passive IR sensor (generally used for security systems), to determine the presence of individuals, and if none are detected, then the system powers down. This makes the prototype ideal for residential and commercial applications that may use smart environmental control systems such as heating, and air-conditioning systems. Keeping the design simple, the prototype employs off-the-shelf parts to process distance data from the laser, but this is one of the larger and power-consuming components of LiDAR systems. The team plans to develop their LiDAR system to not only reduce the size further but also reduce the power. 

Restraints:

Lack of technical awareness among end-users and scarcity of standardization & accuracy may hamper the growth of the MEMS mirrors market.

Opportunities:

Recently, the demand for solid-state lidars (MEMS mirror is the key part of solid-state Lidar) has significantly increased owing to the longer life cycle and lower cost of solid-state lidars. Furthermore, advancements in autonomous vehicles and ADAS-equipped automobiles are expected to increase the growth of solid-state lidar at a rapid rate, owing to the easy integration of solid-state lidars in automobiles. According to the current lidar market trends, major lidar manufacturers are focusing on the development of solid-state lidars instead of developing compact mechanical state lidars. The lidar chips are developed on 300mm-wafers and tend to be smaller, lighter, and cheaper than lidar systems and is estimated to be priced at $10, if sold in millions (volume wise). This potential growth of solid-state lidars provides opportunities to players in the supply chain of MEMS mirror manufacturers, including raw material suppliers and lidar developers.

Market Segmentation

Segmentation for the Global MEMS Mirrors Market:

Based on the type, the 2D type segment dominates the global MEMS mirrors market during the forecast period. Some 1D electromagnetic and electrostatic MEMS mirrors seem especially suitable for most LiDAR applications. Nevertheless, to acquire 3D point clouds with 1D MEMS mirrors, either large detector arrays or motorized stages are required, which muddle the LiDAR system. Therefore, 2D MEMS mirrors are preferred for high-performance LiDAR. In general, there are numerous actuation mechanisms as well as multiple scanning modes to choose from. Determining which combination of actuation mechanism and scanning mode to pick depends on the application.

Based on the application, MEMS mirrors finds its usage in various technical application, ranging from automotive to the medical industry. The application of MEMS mirrors in the automotive industry is expected to show the highest market growth, backed by increased automation in automotive manufacturing and the launching of connected autonomous cars.

Players Covered in MEMS Mirror market are :

• Hamamatsu (Japan)
• MicroVision inc. (US)
• Fraunhofer (Germany)
• Mirrorcle Technologies Inc. (US)
• Opus Microsystems Corp (Taiwan)
• Wiotek (China)
• OQmented GmbH (Germany)
• Preciseley (US)
• Sercalo (UK)
• Schott (Germany)

Regional Analysis for the Global MEMS Mirrors Market:

• North America is seen as the most profitable region for the MEMS mirrors market, backed by high growth in the consumer electronics industry as well as raised demand for modern automobiles and wearable devices. Regional trends and regulatory policies act a significant role in the advancement of the MEMS mirrors and semiconductor markets.
• Europe is anticipated to hold a significant share of the MEMS mirrors market, due to rising consciousness about technically advanced and eco-friendly electronic equipment. With pleasing regulatory compliances and sustained demand for renewable energy infrastructure, power electronics, and automotive, emerging countries such as India and China are emerging as the fastest-growing markets for MEMS mirrors.

Key Industry Developments in the Global MEMS Mirrors Market:

• In September 2021, with a mission to make lightweight AR/VR smart glasses a practical reality, venture-backed innovator OQmented on this day declared that the industry's first one-chip MEMS mirror-based laser beam scanning (LBS) solution. The development gives product developers the latest ultra-compact projection display option to allow glasses that are light and stylish yet entitled with advanced visualization capabilities. In a tiny package optimized for smooth integration and easy optomechanical alignment, OQmented's high-speed LBS solution allows the highest resolution, largest operating time, and lowest power utilization with industry-leading cost importance.
• In March 2021, Hamamatsu Photonics UK Ltd and Medical Technologies Innovation Facility (MTIF) declared that they have entered into a partnership agreement enabling customers the ability to view and utilize Hamamatsu's Functional Drug Screening System (FDSS) µCELL. This is the first FDSS/µCELL to be made available in the UK in this way. This new partnership focuses to leverage the photonics expertise, novel proprietary technology, and applications of Hamamatsu, with the significant medical technology research and development capabilities of MTIF.
• In August 2020, Preciseley Microtechnology Corporation a leading designer and supplier of MEMS-based micro-mirror solutions that form a critical component of high-speed optical communication network equipment declared a collaboration with ACE Equity Partners and BDC Capital to support the Company with its next stage of growth. Through this new equity investment by ACE Equity and the Growth Equity division of BDC Capital, Preciseley will be allowed to leverage ACE Equity's domain expertise in cross-border latest industrial technologies and its relationships over the telecom value chain, as well as BDC Capital's network and experience assisting scale Canadian technology businesses, to continue Preciseley's global expansion.

Chapter 1: Introduction
 1.1 Research Objectives
 1.2 Research Methodology
 1.3 Research Process
 1.4 Scope and Coverage
  1.4.1 Market Definition
  1.4.2 Key Questions Answered
 1.5 Market Segmentation

Chapter 2:Executive Summary

Chapter 3:Growth Opportunities By Segment
 3.1 By Type
 3.2 By Application

Chapter 4: Market Landscape
 4.1 Porter's Five Forces Analysis
  4.1.1 Bargaining Power of Supplier
  4.1.2 Threat of New Entrants
  4.1.3 Threat of Substitutes
  4.1.4 Competitive Rivalry
  4.1.5 Bargaining Power Among Buyers
 4.2 Industry Value Chain Analysis
 4.3 Market Dynamics
  4.3.1 Drivers
  4.3.2 Restraints
  4.3.3 Opportunities
  4.5.4 Challenges
 4.4 Pestle Analysis
 4.5 Technological Roadmap
 4.6 Regulatory Landscape
 4.7 SWOT Analysis
 4.8 Price Trend Analysis
 4.9 Patent Analysis
 4.10 Analysis of the Impact of Covid-19
  4.10.1 Impact on the Overall Market
  4.10.2 Impact on the Supply Chain
  4.10.3 Impact on the Key Manufacturers
  4.10.4 Impact on the Pricing

Chapter 5: MEMS Mirrors Market by Type
 5.1 MEMS Mirrors Market Overview Snapshot and Growth Engine
 5.2 MEMS Mirrors Market Overview
 5.3 1D
  5.3.1 Introduction and Market Overview
  5.3.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F)
  5.3.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
  5.3.4 1D: Grographic Segmentation
 5.4 2D
  5.4.1 Introduction and Market Overview
  5.4.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F)
  5.4.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
  5.4.4 2D: Grographic Segmentation

Chapter 6: MEMS Mirrors Market by Application
 6.1 MEMS Mirrors Market Overview Snapshot and Growth Engine
 6.2 MEMS Mirrors Market Overview
 6.3 Automobiles
  6.3.1 Introduction and Market Overview
  6.3.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F)
  6.3.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
  6.3.4 Automobiles: Grographic Segmentation
 6.4 Robotics
  6.4.1 Introduction and Market Overview
  6.4.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F)
  6.4.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
  6.4.4 Robotics: Grographic Segmentation
 6.5 Industrial
  6.5.1 Introduction and Market Overview
  6.5.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F)
  6.5.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
  6.5.4 Industrial: Grographic Segmentation

Chapter 7: Company Profiles and Competitive Analysis
 7.1 Competitive Landscape
  7.1.1 Competitive Positioning
  7.1.2 MEMS Mirrors Sales and Market Share By Players
  7.1.3 Industry BCG Matrix
  7.1.4 Ansoff Matrix
  7.1.5 MEMS Mirrors Industry Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
  7.1.6 Top 5 MEMS Mirrors Players Market Share
  7.1.7 Mergers and Acquisitions
  7.1.8 Business Strategies By Top Players
 7.2 HAMAMATSU
  7.2.1 Company Overview
  7.2.2 Key Executives
  7.2.3 Company Snapshot
  7.2.4 Operating Business Segments
  7.2.5 Product Portfolio
  7.2.6 Business Performance
  7.2.7 Key Strategic Moves and Recent Developments
  7.2.8 SWOT Analysis
 7.3 MICROVISION INC.
 7.4 FRAUNHOFER
 7.5 MIRRORCLE TECHNOLOGIES INC.
 7.6 OPUS MICROSYSTEMS CORP
 7.7 WIOTEK
 7.8 OQMENTED GMBH
 7.9 PRECISELEY
 7.10 SERCALO
 7.11 SCHOTT
 7.12 OTHER MAJOR PLAYERS

Chapter 8: Global MEMS Mirrors Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028
 8.1 Market Overview
 8.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type
  8.2.1 1D
  8.2.2 2D
 8.3 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application
  8.3.1 Automobiles
  8.3.2 Robotics
  8.3.3 Industrial

Chapter 9: North America MEMS Mirrors Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028
 9.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
 9.2 Impact of Covid-19
 9.3 Key Players
 9.4 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
 9.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type
  9.4.1 1D
  9.4.2 2D
 9.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application
  9.5.1 Automobiles
  9.5.2 Robotics
  9.5.3 Industrial
 9.6 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country
  9.6.1 U.S.
  9.6.2 Canada
  9.6.3 Mexico

Chapter 10: Europe MEMS Mirrors Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028
 10.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
 10.2 Impact of Covid-19
 10.3 Key Players
 10.4 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
 10.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type
  10.4.1 1D
  10.4.2 2D
 10.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application
  10.5.1 Automobiles
  10.5.2 Robotics
  10.5.3 Industrial
 10.6 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country
  10.6.1 Germany
  10.6.2 U.K.
  10.6.3 France
  10.6.4 Italy
  10.6.5 Russia
  10.6.6 Spain
  10.6.7 Rest of Europe

Chapter 11: Asia-Pacific MEMS Mirrors Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028
 11.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
 11.2 Impact of Covid-19
 11.3 Key Players
 11.4 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
 11.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type
  11.4.1 1D
  11.4.2 2D
 11.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application
  11.5.1 Automobiles
  11.5.2 Robotics
  11.5.3 Industrial
 11.6 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country
  11.6.1 China
  11.6.2 India
  11.6.3 Japan
  11.6.4 Singapore
  11.6.5 Australia
  11.6.6 New Zealand
  11.6.7 Rest of APAC

Chapter 12: Middle East & Africa MEMS Mirrors Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028
 12.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
 12.2 Impact of Covid-19
 12.3 Key Players
 12.4 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
 12.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type
  12.4.1 1D
  12.4.2 2D
 12.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application
  12.5.1 Automobiles
  12.5.2 Robotics
  12.5.3 Industrial
 12.6 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country
  12.6.1 Turkey
  12.6.2 Saudi Arabia
  12.6.3 Iran
  12.6.4 UAE
  12.6.5 Africa
  12.6.6 Rest of MEA

Chapter 13: South America MEMS Mirrors Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028
 13.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
 13.2 Impact of Covid-19
 13.3 Key Players
 13.4 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
 13.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type
  13.4.1 1D
  13.4.2 2D
 13.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application
  13.5.1 Automobiles
  13.5.2 Robotics
  13.5.3 Industrial
 13.6 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country
  13.6.1 Brazil
  13.6.2 Argentina
  13.6.3 Rest of SA

Chapter 14 Investment Analysis

Chapter 15 Analyst Viewpoint and Conclusion

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 001. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
TABLE 002. MEMS MIRRORS MARKET BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS
TABLE 003. MEMS MIRRORS MARKET BARGAINING POWER OF CUSTOMERS
TABLE 004. MEMS MIRRORS MARKET COMPETITIVE RIVALRY
TABLE 005. MEMS MIRRORS MARKET THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS
TABLE 006. MEMS MIRRORS MARKET THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES
TABLE 007. MEMS MIRRORS MARKET BY TYPE
TABLE 008. 1D MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
TABLE 009. 2D MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
TABLE 010. MEMS MIRRORS MARKET BY APPLICATION
TABLE 011. AUTOMOBILES MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
TABLE 012. ROBOTICS MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
TABLE 013. INDUSTRIAL MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
TABLE 014. NORTH AMERICA MEMS MIRRORS MARKET, BY TYPE (2016-2028)
TABLE 015. NORTH AMERICA MEMS MIRRORS MARKET, BY APPLICATION (2016-2028)
TABLE 016. N MEMS MIRRORS MARKET, BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
TABLE 017. EUROPE MEMS MIRRORS MARKET, BY TYPE (2016-2028)
TABLE 018. EUROPE MEMS MIRRORS MARKET, BY APPLICATION (2016-2028)
TABLE 019. MEMS MIRRORS MARKET, BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
TABLE 020. ASIA PACIFIC MEMS MIRRORS MARKET, BY TYPE (2016-2028)
TABLE 021. ASIA PACIFIC MEMS MIRRORS MARKET, BY APPLICATION (2016-2028)
TABLE 022. MEMS MIRRORS MARKET, BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
TABLE 023. MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA MEMS MIRRORS MARKET, BY TYPE (2016-2028)
TABLE 024. MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA MEMS MIRRORS MARKET, BY APPLICATION (2016-2028)
TABLE 025. MEMS MIRRORS MARKET, BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
TABLE 026. SOUTH AMERICA MEMS MIRRORS MARKET, BY TYPE (2016-2028)
TABLE 027. SOUTH AMERICA MEMS MIRRORS MARKET, BY APPLICATION (2016-2028)
TABLE 028. MEMS MIRRORS MARKET, BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
TABLE 029. HAMAMATSU: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 030. HAMAMATSU: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 031. HAMAMATSU: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 032. HAMAMATSU: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 032. MICROVISION INC.: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 033. MICROVISION INC.: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 034. MICROVISION INC.: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 035. MICROVISION INC.: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 035. FRAUNHOFER: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 036. FRAUNHOFER: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 037. FRAUNHOFER: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 038. FRAUNHOFER: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 038. MIRRORCLE TECHNOLOGIES INC.: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 039. MIRRORCLE TECHNOLOGIES INC.: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 040. MIRRORCLE TECHNOLOGIES INC.: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 041. MIRRORCLE TECHNOLOGIES INC.: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 041. OPUS MICROSYSTEMS CORP: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 042. OPUS MICROSYSTEMS CORP: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 043. OPUS MICROSYSTEMS CORP: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 044. OPUS MICROSYSTEMS CORP: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 044. WIOTEK: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 045. WIOTEK: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 046. WIOTEK: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 047. WIOTEK: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 047. OQMENTED GMBH: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 048. OQMENTED GMBH: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 049. OQMENTED GMBH: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 050. OQMENTED GMBH: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 050. PRECISELEY: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 051. PRECISELEY: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 052. PRECISELEY: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 053. PRECISELEY: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 053. SERCALO: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 054. SERCALO: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 055. SERCALO: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 056. SERCALO: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 056. SCHOTT: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 057. SCHOTT: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 058. SCHOTT: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 059. SCHOTT: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 059. OTHER MAJOR PLAYERS: SNAPSHOT
TABLE 060. OTHER MAJOR PLAYERS: BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
TABLE 061. OTHER MAJOR PLAYERS: PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
TABLE 062. OTHER MAJOR PLAYERS: KEY STRATEGIC MOVES AND DEVELOPMENTS

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 001. YEARS CONSIDERED FOR ANALYSIS
FIGURE 002. SCOPE OF THE STUDY
FIGURE 003. MEMS MIRRORS MARKET OVERVIEW BY REGIONS
FIGURE 004. PORTER'S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS
FIGURE 005. BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS
FIGURE 006. COMPETITIVE RIVALRYFIGURE 007. THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS
FIGURE 008. THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES
FIGURE 009. VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS
FIGURE 010. PESTLE ANALYSIS
FIGURE 011. MEMS MIRRORS MARKET OVERVIEW BY TYPE
FIGURE 012. 1D MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
FIGURE 013. 2D MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
FIGURE 014. MEMS MIRRORS MARKET OVERVIEW BY APPLICATION
FIGURE 015. AUTOMOBILES MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
FIGURE 016. ROBOTICS MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
FIGURE 017. INDUSTRIAL MARKET OVERVIEW (2016-2028)
FIGURE 018. NORTH AMERICA MEMS MIRRORS MARKET OVERVIEW BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
FIGURE 019. EUROPE MEMS MIRRORS MARKET OVERVIEW BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
FIGURE 020. ASIA PACIFIC MEMS MIRRORS MARKET OVERVIEW BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
FIGURE 021. MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA MEMS MIRRORS MARKET OVERVIEW BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)
FIGURE 022. SOUTH AMERICA MEMS MIRRORS MARKET OVERVIEW BY COUNTRY (2016-2028)